BASIC PROGRAM TO PRINT HELLO WORLD
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
class output
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
System.out.println("HELLO WORLD");
}
}
Binary Left Shift Operator
The binary left shift ( << ) operator shifts the bits of the left operand to the left by the number of positions specified by the right operand. This effectively multiplies the number by 2 bitsToBeShifted 2^{\text{bitsToBeShifted}} . Exception: Overflow and Bitwise Behavior In languages like Java, C, and C++ , primitive integral types have a fixed bit-width (e.g., int is 32 bits in Java and C++ on most systems). When left-shifting a number, if the result exceeds the maximum value ( MAX_VALUE ) of its type, overflow occurs . However, there are some nuances: 1. Overflow in Signed Integer Types Signed integers use two's complement representation . If shifting causes the most significant bit (MSB) to move into the sign bit position, the number may become negative . Further shifts can lead to an unpredictable sequence of positive and negative values. Example in Java ( int is 32-bit, signed) : int x = 1 << 31; // 0b10000000000000000000000000000000 = -2147...
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